NRVS was built around a simple idea: what the body needs before and through physiological demand is not necessarily what it needs afterward. PRE and POST were intentionally developed as separate formulas with different priorities, designed to complement one another across the before and after. PREPARE. PROTECT. RESTORE. PRE PREPARE + PROTECT Designed to support hydration, cognitive readiness, composure and physiological resilience before and through demand. DHM 300 mg per serving Metabolic + Antioxidant Support Dihydromyricetin is a plant-derived flavonoid studied for its antioxidant and metabolic properties. Human research is developing, while much of the alcohol-specific mechanistic evidence remains preclinical. COGNIZIN® CITICOLINE 250 mg per serving Focus + Cognitive Readiness A branded form of citicoline studied in human research for attention and cognitive performance. Published randomized research has evaluated Cognizin® at 250–500 mg per day, including research at the 250 mg level used in PRE. RHODIOLIFE® RHODIOLA ROSEA 150 mg per serving Stress + Fatigue Resilience A standardized Rhodiola rosea extract developed with defined specifications. Rhodiola has been studied for its role in physical stress, fatigue and resilience, with research also available on the branded RhodioLife® material. L-THEANINE 200 mg per serving Calm Focus + Composure An amino acid naturally occurring in tea, L-theanine has been studied for its effects on attention, reaction time and a calm, focused mental state. TAURINE 1,000 mg per serving Cellular + Neuromuscular Support Taurine plays roles in cellular function, fluid balance and neuromuscular physiology. Human research has also evaluated taurine in exercise and physical-performance settings. CURRANZ® BLACKCURRANT EXTRACT 315 mg per serving Circulation + Physical Support A standardized New Zealand blackcurrant extract with human research in vascular and exercise settings. Studies on CurraNZ® commonly use amounts around 300 mg per day, closely aligned with PRE's 315 mg serving. BioPQQ® PQQ 20 mg per serving Cellular + Mitochondrial Support A branded form of pyrroloquinoline quinone studied for cellular, mitochondrial and cognitive-support applications. Human studies have evaluated branded PQQ at 20 mg per day, the amount used in PRE. ELECTROLYTE + COCONUT WATER SYSTEM Sodium • Potassium • Coconut Water Designed to establish a hydration and electrolyte foundation before demand. Sodium and potassium are essential electrolytes involved in fluid balance, nerve signaling and normal muscle function. POST RESTORE + RECOVER Designed to support replenishment, antioxidant defenses, hydration and recovery after physiological demand. N-ACETYL-L-CYSTEINE (NAC) 600 mg per serving Glutathione + Antioxidant Support NAC provides cysteine used by the body to produce glutathione, one of its major endogenous antioxidant systems. Its biochemical role as a glutathione precursor is well established. DHM 500 mg per serving Metabolic + Antioxidant Recovery Support POST uses a higher per-serving amount of DHM within its recovery-focused architecture. DHM has antioxidant and metabolic rationale, although direct human research for alcohol recovery remains less developed than the preclinical literature. CACTI-NEA® PRICKLY PEAR EXTRACT 500 mg per serving Recovery + Antioxidant Support A standardized branded prickly pear ingredient. Human research on Opuntia ficus-indica provides support for the category's recovery rationale, while research on a specific extract should not automatically be treated as evidence for every prickly pear ingredient. GLYCINE 1,500 mg per serving Recovery + Metabolic Support Glycine is an amino acid involved in numerous metabolic processes, including glutathione synthesis. Human research has also investigated glycine in sleep and recovery-related settings. MAGNESIUM ~70 mg per serving from magnesium bisglycinate Mineral + Neuromuscular Support Magnesium participates in hundreds of enzyme systems and contributes to energy production, normal muscle and nerve function and electrolyte balance. VITAMIN C 500 mg per serving Antioxidant Support Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cells from oxidative stress while also supporting collagen synthesis and normal immune function. OLEACORE® OLIVE POLYPHENOLS 75 mg per serving Polyphenol + Antioxidant Support Olive-derived polyphenols have been studied in human research for their relationship to oxidative-stress and metabolic biomarkers. The specific commercial nomenclature should remain aligned with the final production specification and label. STANDARDIZED GINGER EXTRACT 75 mg per serving Digestive Comfort Ginger has been evaluated across randomized human studies for digestive comfort and nausea-related outcomes, although results vary by population and application. ELECTROLYTE + COCONUT WATER SYSTEM Sodium • Potassium • Coconut Water Supports fluid and electrolyte replenishment after periods of increased physiological demand.

WHY BRANDED INGREDIENTS MATTER THE NAME MATTERS. SO DOES THE DOSE. Not every version of an ingredient is identical. Branded ingredients are often manufactured to defined specifications for identity, composition and consistency. Some also have human research conducted on the specific branded material, rather than research that applies only to the ingredient category generally. That distinction matters. Where appropriate, NRVS uses standardized branded ingredients with established specifications and human research behind the material. In several cases, the amount used in NRVS is also at or near amounts evaluated in published human research. Cognizin® • RhodioLife® • CurraNZ® • BioPQQ® • Cacti-Nea® This is part of the NRVS approach to formulation: not simply what goes into the formula, but what form is used, how much is included and why it belongs there.

WHY TWO FORMULAS? BECAUSE BEFORE AND AFTER AREN'T THE SAME JOB. Before and through demand, the priorities center around hydration, cognitive readiness, composure and physiological resilience. Afterward, those priorities shift toward replenishment, antioxidant defenses, hydration and recovery. That's why PRE and POST weren't built as two versions of the same formula. They were developed for different phases of the same system. PRE prepares and protects. POST restores. Together, they support the complete NRVS philosophy: PREPARE. PROTECT. RESTORE. DEVELOPED BEYOND THE LABEL NRVS PRE + POST were professionally developed with Constellation Formulations through formulation development, ingredient evaluation, bench work, prototype development and commercialization preparation. Every ingredient was considered through multiple lenses: scientific substantiation, functional relevance, formulation feasibility and its role within the larger NRVS system. The result is not an unnecessarily crowded ingredient label. It is a purpose-built two-part system.

THE IMPORTANT SCIENCE NOTE The research presented here explains the rationale behind individual ingredients and the evidence supporting their use. Ingredient-level research should not be interpreted as proof that the finished NRVS PRE or POST formulas themselves have been clinically tested or proven to produce identical outcomes. Science informs the formulation. The finished system is NRVS.